Carey Hall Room 202
Office Hours: 2:15-3:30 p.m. (daily)
jspragins@gilman.edu 
(443) 608-8068 

ODD DAYS: First Period

EVEN DAYS: Second Period

4th Period Classes: Days 3,4,7,10

“Out of the crooked timber of humanity no straight thing
was ever made.” - Kant

European Humanities
EH31

Spragins

Spring 2019

Spring Outline:

The French Revolution
David, Jacques-Louis
Death of Marat (1793)
Musees Royaux des Beaux-Arts de Belgique
(Smarthistory)

The French Revolution

English Romantic Poetry
Blake, William
The Ancient of Days 1794
British Museum, London

Romanticism (Intellectual Backgrounds) 
English Romantic Poetry (Table of Contents)

Nineteenth Century Ideologies 
The Industrial Revolution
Manchester Factory Kids (1836)

The Industrial Revolution and
Nineteenth Century Ideologies

Heart of Darkness (1899) Josef Conrad
Africa in 1885 from Black's Atlas of the World 

The Modern Era:

The Origins of World War Two
Hitler Campaign Poster 1932

 

The Test of Liberalism 

Survival in Auschwitz (1947)
by Primo Levi (1919-1987)
 

Survival in Auschwitz (1947) by Primo Levi

Month

Day

Cycle

Assignment

1         

22

 Day 5

Tues.

David, The Tennis Court Oath (1789)

Francois Rude, La Marseillaise, Arc de Triomphe, Paris, 1833-1836.

Napoleon at St. Bernard 1800

Second Semester Preview: Artifacts Essay Site

The Enlightenment Dream:

- Man is not born in a sinful, depraved state.
- The end of life is life itself: the good life on earth, not life after death in heaven.
- Man is capable, guided solely by the light of reason and experience, of perfecting life on earth.
- To accomplish this great goal, we must free our minds from the bonds of ignorance and superstition and our bodies from the oppression of corrupt social authorities.

The French Revolution:

• The Rise of the Sovereign Monarch and the Nation State
• Reports on the French Revolution  
• Outline of the French Revolution (Powerpoint)

Homework:

• Rousseau from Enlightenment Political Thought: Study Guide
• Rousseau: On the Social Contract
• Review: Rousseau on The Lisbon Earthquake

for further reading:

• from The Roots of Romanticism (1967) 
• on Monism and the Western Intellectual Tradition from My Intellectual Path May (1998)
• on Negative and Positive Liberty from My Intellectual Path May (1998)
• A Message to the 21st Century: Twenty years ago—on November 25, 1994—Isaiah Berlin accepted the honorary degree of Doctor of Laws at the University of Toronto. He prepared the following “short credo” (as he called it in a letter to a friend) for the ceremony, at which it was read on his behalf.
  
• Philosophical Crisis: The Collapse of the Enlightenment Dream: Carl Becker from The Heavenly City of the Eighteenth Century Philosophers (1932)  
  

Jean-Jacques Rousseau (1712-1778)

The Noble Savage
John White  Roanoake Watercolor (1586)

Second Semester Preview: Artifacts Essay Site

The Enlightenment Dream:

- Man is not born in a sinful, depraved state.
- The end of life is life itself: the good life on earth, not life after death in heaven.
- Man is capable, guided solely by the light of reason and experience, of perfecting life on earth.
- To accomplish this great goal, we must free our minds from the bonds of ignorance and superstition and our bodies from the oppression of corrupt social authorities.

Jean-Jacques Rousseau:

• On Rousseau from Enlightenment Political Thought
• Rousseau: Excerpts from the Reading (Study Guide) (Quiz)
• Jean-Jacques Rousseau: Political Theory (The School of Life)
• "The Original Affluent Society" Stone Age Hunter Gatherers from notes on Yuval Harari's Sapiens. 
• Voltaire vs. Rousseau on Political Theory

Homework: Reports on the French Revolution  

Outline of the French Revolution (Powerpoint)

• Liberals: 
• The Crisis of the Monarchy (Hooker) Study Guide
  The Liberal Revolution (Hooker) Study Guide
• Radicals: 
• The Radical Revolution (Hooker)  Study Guide
• Napoleonics: 
• Napoleon (Hooker) Study Guide
• Reactions: 
• The Congress of Vienna (Hooker) 
• Europe in 1815: Reassertion of Conservatism at The Congress of Vienna
• Voltaire vs. Rousseau vs. Edmund Burke

Villeneuve, Matière à réflection pour les jongleurs couronnees (Matter for thought for crowned twisters), 1793


Execution of Louis XVI
21 January 1793,  from Decaux.

The French Revolution: Outline of the French Revolution (Powerpoint)

• Voltaire vs. Rousseau on Political Theory

• Liberal Revolution 1789-1792 
• Radical Revolution 1792-1794
• The Thermidorean Reaction and The Directory (1794-1799)
• The Consulate (1799-1804)
• The Empire (1804-1815)

Research Reports on the French Revolution  (Study Guide)

The French Revolution, Richard Hooker (2ndary) Study Guide

• Liberals: 
• The Crisis of the Monarchy (Hooker) Study Guide
  The Liberal Revolution (Hooker) Study Guide
• Radicals: 
• The Radical Revolution (Hooker)  Study Guide
• Napoleonics: 
• Napoleon (Hooker) Study Guide
• Reactions: 
• The Congress of Vienna (Hooker) 
• Europe in 1815: Reassertion of Conservatism at The Congress of Vienna

Homework:

• Reports on the French Revolution  

Jacques- Louis David, "The Death of Socrates", 1788

(see video analysis from Nerdwriter1)

Jacques-Louis David, Oath of the Horatii, 1784.  11' x 14'. Louvre, Paris

David, The Tennis Court Oath (1789)

France:

The most advanced country in Europe

The wealthiest country in Europe

The intellectual center of the Enlightenment

The French Revolution:

• Voltaire vs. Rousseau on Political Theory

Summary (Notes from Palmer):

• Liberal Revolution 1789-1792 
• Radical Revolution 1792-1794
• The Thermidorean Reaction and The Directory (1794-1799)
• The Consulate (1799-1804)
• The Empire (1804-1815)

• The Estates General
• The National Assembly
• The Capture of the Bastille
• The Great Fear
• Declaration of the Rights of Man
• The Civil Constitution of the Clergy
• The Constitution of 1791

Voltaire on Enlightened Despotism: "I would rather be ruled by a single lion than by a thousand rats."

• Essay: Voltaire and Rousseau on the French Revolution due at 3:30 p.m. on Monday, February 4th

Robespierre (6 May 1758–28 July 1794)

A Sans-cullote Louis-Léopold Boilly (1761-1845).

The Situation in France, Summer 1792

The Radical Revolution (1792-1794)
 
Outline of the French Revolution (Powerpoint)
Reports on the French Revolution

• Voltaire vs. Rousseau on Political Theory

Excerpts from Robespierre’s Speech of February 5,1794

Summary (Notes from Palmer):

• Liberal Revolution 1789-1792 
• Radical Revolution 1792-1794
• The Thermidorean Reaction and The Directory (1794-1799)
• The Consulate (1799-1804)
• The Empire (1804-1815)

• The Declaration of Pillnitz
• Counter Revolution
• The Girondists
• The Montagnard
• The Sans-culottes
• The Reign of Terror
• The Levee en Masse

Homework:

• Essay: Voltaire and Rousseau on the French Revolution due at 3:30 p.m. on Monday, February 4th

David Powerpoint
David, Jacques-Louis
Death of Marat (1793)
Musees Royaux des Beaux-Arts de Belgique
(Smarthistory)

Napoleon at St. Bernard  (1800)

David, Consecration of the Emperor Napoleon I on 2 Dec 1804 (1806)

 Turner, The Battle of Trafalgar, as seen from the mizzen starboard shrouds of the Victory  (1806 to 1808)

Napoleon (1799-1814)
 
Outline of the French Revolution (Powerpoint)
Reports on the French Revolution  
French Revolution Maps

Summary (Notes from Palmer):

• Liberal Revolution 1789-1792 
• Radical Revolution 1792-1794
• The Thermidorean Reaction and The Directory (1794-1799)
• The Consulate (1799-1804)
• The Empire (1804-1815)

Napoleonics:
 
Napoleon (Hooker) Study Guide

• The Thermidorean Reaction
• Napoleon Bonaparte
• The Consulate (1799-1804)
• The Napoleonic Code
• The Empire
• The Spanish Campaign
• The Invasion of Russia
• The Hundred Days

Ideologies of the French Revolution (review)

• Voltaire vs. Rousseau on Political Theory

Homework:

• Essay: Voltaire and Rousseau on the French Revolution due at 3:30 p.m. on Monday, February 4th

For further reading:

• from Tolstoy's War and Peace: The Virtual Battle of Borodino (Hamilton College)

Roubaud,  Raevsky Battery during the Battle of Borodino (1912)

Essay: Voltaire and Rousseau on the French Revolution due at 3:30 p.m. on Monday, February 4th

Ideologies of the French Revolution (review)

French Revolution Quiz

Reactions to the French Revolution:

• Revolutionary Movements Worldwide
• The Congress of Vienna
• Edmund Burke and Modern Conservatism
• Johan Fichte and German Nationalism

David, Consecration of the Emperor Napoleon I on 2 Dec 1804 (1806)

David, Jacques-Louis
Death of Marat (1793)
Musees Royaux des Beaux-Arts de Belgique
(Smarthistory)

Summary (Notes from Palmer):

• Liberal Revolution 1789-1792 
• Radical Revolution 1792-1794
• The Thermidorean Reaction and The Directory (1794-1799)
• The Consulate (1799-1804)
• The Empire (1804-1815)

Jacques- Louis David, "The Death of Socrates", 1788 (see video analysis from Nerdwriter1)

Homework:

• Work on French Rev Essay

Summary (Notes from Palmer):

• Liberal Revolution 1789-1792 
• Radical Revolution 1792-1794
• The Thermidorean Reaction and The Directory (1794-1799)
• The Consulate (1799-1804)
• The Empire (1804-1815)

Homework:

• Work on French Rev Essay

Friedrich, Caspar David
Wanderer Above the Sea of Fog (1818)

Fussli, The Nightmare 1781

French Rev Essay due today at 3:30 p.m.

Romanticism:

• Backgrounds to Romantic Poetry: Sophie on Romanticism; 
• Hume, Kant and Hegel: Intellectual Backgrounds to Romanticism (Perry) (Study Guide) (Googledocs Study Guide)

For further reading:

• Sophie's World (Gaarder), pp. 322-341 Kant
• Sophie's World (Gaarder), pp. 342-359 Romanticism

Kant: A New Epistemology (Theory of Learning)

• The Finitude of Human Knowledge (The Rose Colored Glasses);
• Transcendental Idealism; The Categorical Imperative in Notes on Nieman's Evil in the Modern World (2002)

Romanticism:

From the Enlightenment to Romanticism

Hume, Kant and Hegel: Intellectual Backgrounds to Romanticism (Perry) (Study Guide) (Googledocs Study Guide)

For further reading:

• Backgrounds to Romantic Poetry: Sophie on Romanticism; 
• Sophie's World (Gaarder), pp. 322-341 Kant
• Sophie's World (Gaarder), pp. 342-359 Romanticism

Kant: A New Epistemology (Theory of Learning)

• The Finitude of Human Knowledge (The Rose Colored Glasses);
• Transcendental Idealism; The Categorical Imperative in Notes on Nieman's Evil in the Modern World (2002)

2         

7

 Day 7

Thurs.

Blake, William
The Lamb from
Songs of Innocence and Experience (1789)

William Blake, "The Tyger"  from Songs of Innocence and Experience (1789)

Introduction to Romanticism:

"What if you slept? And what if, in your sleep, you dreamed? And what if, in your dream, you went to heaven and there plucked a strange and beautiful flower? And what if, when you awoke, you had the flower in your hand? Ah, what then?" -- Samuel Taylor Coleridge

Backgrounds to Romantic Poetry: Sophie on Romanticism

• The Philosophe vs. The Romantic
• Hume's Assault on the Scientific Method
• Kant's Assault on Objective Reality (video)
• Kant's Transcendental Idealism: Moral Choice
• Hegel's Conception of History
• Sophie on Kant and Hegel

Multi-Media Essay on Romantic Poetry (Due Monday 2/25)

William Blake (1757-1827): Introduction

Homework:

William Blake (1757-1827) Introduction;  Songs of Innocence and Experience (1789) The Blake Archive (website)

Write a paragraph about one of the following poems:

1.      Read the poem carefully. Look up any unfamiliar words in the dictionary.

2.      What is the poem's theme? What point is being made?

3.      What symbols does the poet use to make his point?

4.      Read your poem out loud. What musical devices does the poet use to help make his point?

5.      What makes the poem Romantic?

Songs of Innocence and Experience (1789)

• "Milton"
• "The Little Black Boy"
• "The Lamb"
• "The Tyger"
• "London"
• "The Sick Rose"
• "The Garden of Love" 
• "The Divine Image"
• "The Human Abstract"

2         

8

 Day 8

Fri.

Multi-Media Essay on Romantic Poetry (Due Monday 2/25)

Backgrounds to Romantic Poetry: Sophie on Romanticism

English Romantic Poetry (Table of Contents)

William Blake (1757-1827)

• Introduction 
• Definition of Lyric Poetry
• Songs of Innocence and Experience (1789)

"The Lamb" vs. "The Tyger"

"The Chimney Sweeper" vs. "The Chimney Sweeper"

"Holy Thursday" vs. "Holy Thursday"

"The Divine Image"vs. "The Human Abstract"

"The Little Girl Lost" vs. "The Little Girl Found"

"The Garden of Love"  vs. "The Sick Rose"

Homework: Blake Creative Writing Exercise

 For further reading: 

• Ostriker,  Blake's "London" (The Atlantic 1-21-04)
• William Blake (1757–1827) (MET)

"Beatrice Addressing Dante from the Car"

2         

11

 Day 9

Mon.

Blake, William
The Great Red Dragon and the Woman Clothed in Sun c. 1806-1809

Beethoven, 9th Symphony, First Movement,  Third Movement (Scherzo), Fourth Movement "Ode to Joy" (1, 2, 3) (1817-24);  Piano Sonata #14 Moonlight  1st Movement;  Piano Sonata #8 Pathetique 1st movement

Beethoven, Fifth Symphony 1st Movement (1805-08)

William Blake,  "London" from Songs of Innocence and Experience (1789)

Multi-Media Essay on Romantic Poetry (Due Monday 2/25)

Kant's Categorical Imperative (Nieman)

Blake Creative Writing Exercise

Old English Popular Ballads: (Ballad definition)

Sophie on Romanticism 
Wordsworth and Coleridge, Lyrical Ballads (1798) 
Romantic Paintings: Ballad Prompts

Homework:

Creative Writing: Ballad Assignment

For further reading: Old English Ballads:

• Lord Rendal 
• The Three Ravens
• Sir Patrick Spence
• The Wife of Usher's Well 
• Polly Vaughn 
• The Poor Murdered Woman 
• The Drowned Lover
• Jackaroe
• The Bird Song 
• My Lodging It Is on The Cold Ground
• Barbara Allen

• Sonata Form: Four Movements (Fast; Slow; Dance; Fast)
• Movement Form: (Exposition; Development; Recapitulation; Coda)

• 1. Allegro,  Sonata  2. Andante: Theme and Variations;  
• 3. Minuet and Trio;  4. Presto  (Sonata) (Score)

• 1. Allegro con brio  2. Andante con moto  
• 3. Scherzo. Allegro  4. Allegro
  

Turner, Slavers throwing overboard the Dead and Dying - Typhon coming on ("The Slave Ship") 1840 

Friedrich, Caspar David The Sea of Ice (1823-25)

Gustave Dore's Illustrations to the Rime of the Ancient Mariner (1870)

Multi-Media Essay on Romantic Poetry (Due Monday 2/25)

Romantic Paintings: Ballad Prompts

Blake Creative Writing Exercise

Old English Popular Ballads: (Ballad definition)

• A Call to the Ancestors 
• John Quincy Adams Defense
• The Amistad Case (1841) (National Archives)

Wordsworth and Coleridge, Lyrical Ballads (1798) 

• Preface from Lyrical Ballads (1798)
• Samuel Taylor Coleridge, "The Rime of the Ancient Mariner" (1798) Study Guide

• Part One
• Part Two
• Part Three
• Part Four
• Part Five 
• Part Six
• Part Seven

Gustave Dore's Illustrations to the Rime of the Ancient Mariner (1870)

Homework:

• Creative Writing: Ballad Assignment

For further reading:

• Coleridge, "Frost at Midnight"
• William Wilberforce and the movement in England to abolish the slave trade
• Wordsworth: On Residing in Paris during the Liberal Phase of the French Revolution The Prelude) 
• Lee, Yellow Fever and the Slave Trade: Coleridge's The Rime of the Ancient Mariner (1998)
  
• Berlioz, Symphonie Fantastique (1830) Fourth Movement (March to the Scaffold); Fifth Movement: Witches' Sabbath

2         

13

 Day 1

Wed.

Delacroix, Eugene
The Death of Sardanapalous (1827)


Victoria Falls on the Zambezi River between Zambia and Zimbabwe. The falls plunge more than 400 feet.

Original text of Kubla Khan in Coleridge's hand (British Museum)

Multi-Media Essay on Romantic Poetry (Due Monday 2/25)

Wordsworth and Coleridge, Lyrical Ballads (1798) 
Close Analysis: Coleridge: "Kubla Khan" (1797)

Discussion:

• How do both "The Rime of the Ancient Mariner" and "Kubla Khan" express Coleridge’s understanding of human nature?
• How does Coleridge use symbol in each poem?
• How does the sound of each poem contribute to its meaning?
• What makes these poems “Romantic”?

Close Analysis: Wordsworth's Ballads: "We are Seven" (1798)   Landscapes by John Constable

Homework:

• Write a paragraph about one of the follwing poems by William Wordsworth. Tell us what his poetic purpose is and how it is Romantic.

Wordsworth from Lyrical Ballads (1798): 

• "Goody Blake and Harry Gill" 
• " The Mad Mother" 
• " The Idiot Boy"
• Study Guide
  

For further reading: Wordsworth's Meditative Poetry: 

• "The Solitary Reaper"
• "Resolution and Independence"
• "Tintern Abbey"

Greuze, The Village Proposal (1761)

Constable, The Haywain (1821)


Constable, The White Horse (1819)

Multi-Media Essay on Romantic Poetry (Due Monday 2/25)

William Wordsworth:

• Preface from Lyrical Ballads (1798)
• "I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud" (1807)
• Landscapes by John Constable
• "We are Seven"; "Goody Blake and Harry Gill"; " The Mad Mother"; "The Idiot Boy" (1798) (See Psychosomatic Illness)
• Group Reports on Wordsworth
• Vaughn Williams, The Lark Ascending (1914)

Homework:

• Creative Writing Assignment: "I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud"
• Photographs of the Lake District in England

2

15

 Day 0

Fri.

The Parthenon Marbles (447BC - 432BC)
Keats, On Seeing the Elgin Marbles


Portrait of John Keats by William Hilton. National Portrait Gallery, London

Multi-Media Essay on Romantic Poetry (Due Monday 2/25)

• Creative Writing Assignment: "I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud"

The Life of John Keats:

• "On Looking into Chapman's Homer"
• "Ode: To a Nightingale" (1819) (poetic effects)

• Write a parapraph about the sound effects at work in a verse of one of the following poems: (Study Guide)

• "To Autumn" (1819)
• "On Melancholy" (1819)
• "On a Grecian Urn" (1819)
• Shakespeare, Sonnet #50
• Keats Page (Poetry Foundation) 
• An excellent Keats webpage. 

2

20

 Day 4

Wed.

The Parthenon Frieze (447BC - 432BC)

Dionysus and Maenad 486.BC

Multi-Media Essay on Romantic Poetry (Due Monday 2/25)

Writing Like Keats

Keats Odes: Study Guide;  Keats Lecture Notes

"To Autumn" (1819)
"On Melancholy" (1819)
"To a Nightingale" (1819) (poetic effects)
"On a Grecian Urn" (1819)

An excellent Keats webpage.

Homework:

• Multi-Media Essay on Romantic Poetry (Due Monday 2/25)

Essay Workshop:

• Gale's Literary Resources Online
• Bloom's Literary Reference Online
  
• Keats and Wordsworth at The Victorian Web

A Musical Analogue? Frederic Chopin (1810-1849)

• Chopin Etudes, Op.10, No.3 E-dur Lento, ma non troppo; Op.10, No.12 c-moll Allegro con fuoco The Revolutionary, c.1840  Op.25, No.1 As-dur Allegro sostenuto (portrait by Delacroix)
• Chopin, Piano Sonata No. 2 in B flat minor, Op. 35 "Funeral March" 
• Frédéric Chopin  (NPR)

2

21

 Day 5

Thurs.

Gericault, An Officer of the Imperial
Horse Guards Charging (1814)

Multi-Media Essay on Romantic Poetry (Due Monday 2/25)

Essay Workshop:

• Preface from Lyrical Ballads (1798)
• Gale's Literary Resources Online
• Bloom's Literary Reference Online
• Keats and Wordsworth at The Victorian Web

 
Homework:

• Multi-Media Essay on Romantic Poetry (Due Monday 2/25)

Friedrich, Caspar David
Wanderer Above the Sea of Fog 1818

Essay Workshop: Multi-Media Essay on Romantic Poetry

• Peer Review with the Laptop

Homework:

• Essay Due on Monday 2/25 at 3:30 p.m.

Romanticism Essay Due at 3:30 p.m.

Romanticism:

• The Philosophe vs. The Romantic
• Hume's Assault on the Scientific Method
• Kant's Assault on Objective Reality
• Kant's Transcendental Idealism: Moral Choice
• Hegel's Conception of History (Study Guide) (Video)
• Sophie on Kant and Hegel

Political Backgrounds to the Industrial Revolution:

I.                  Review: Ideologies of the French Revolution

II.                Europe in 1815: The Congress of Vienna: Reassertion of Conservatism

Homework:

• Nineteenth Century Ideologies (excerpted from An Intellectual History of Modern Europe by Marvin Perry pp. 203-242) (another online version)
• Nineteenth Century Ideologies Study Guide (another online version)
  
• Sophie's World (Gaarder), pp. 360-371 Hegel 

Political Backgrounds to the Industrial Revolution:

I.                  Review: Ideologies of the French Revolution

II.                Europe in 1815: The Congress of Vienna: Reassertion of Conservatism 

• Nineteenth Century Ideologies (excerpted from An Intellectual History of Modern Europe by Marvin Perry pp. 203-242) (another online version)
• Nineteenth Century Ideologies Study Guide (another online version) 
• Sophie's World (Gaarder), pp. 360-371 Hegel 

Turner, Fighting Temeraire (1838)

Turner, Rain, Steam and Speed -The Great North-Western Railway (1844) (See Smarthistory Video) 

William Wyld's Manchester from Higher Broughton, 1852


Stephenson's Steam Locomotive: "The Rocket" (1828)

"Every individual is continually exerting himself to find out the most advantageous employment for whatever capital he can command. It is his own advantage, indeed, and not that of society, which he has in view. But the study of his own advantage, naturally or necessarily, leads him to prefer that employment which is most advantageous to the society.... By pursuing his own interest he frequently promotes that of society more effectually than he intends to promote it.” (Adam Smith, The Wealth of Nations)

19th c. Ideologies

• Nineteenth Century Ideologies Study Guide (another online version) (Answers) (Quiz 1) (Quiz 2) (Quiz 3)

The Zeitgeist of the Early 19th Century: 

• Sophie on Hegel: History, Dialectic and Progress
• Hegel in Nieman's Evil in the Modern World (2002)

Choose Industrial Revolution Project Groups.

The Enlightenment philosophes had argued that the application of science and reason would lead to a better society for all. Did the extraordinary changes wrought by the Industrial Revolution represent progress? (Decide as a group whether your definition of progress will be grounded in a classical liberal, radical liberal or socialist political philosophy.)

Homework:

• History Trail: Industry and Invention (BBC History)
• Map-->"Industrial England:  Early 19c" 
• Map-->"Industrialization in Western Europe:  1850"

Industrialization in Europe 1850

The Crystal Palace
at The Great Exhibition of 1851

Industrialization and Imperialism:
The Great Exhibition of 1851 (Mosaic)

Child Mine Workers (1820's)

Gustave Dore, Houndsditch (1872)

Nineteenth Century Ideologies (excerpted from An Intellectual History of Modern Europe by Marvin Perry pp. 203-242) 
Nineteenth Century Ideologies Study Guide; (Quiz 1) (Quiz 2) (Quiz 3)

The Political Compass: Determine your own place on the political spectrum.

"No society can surely be flourishing and happy, of which the far greater part of the members are poor and miserable." (Adam Smith)

The Zeitgeist of the Early 19th Century: Hegel: History, Dialectic and Progress; Sophie on Hegel; Hegel in Notes on Nieman's Evil in the Modern World (2002)

Industrial Revolution Group Projects

The Enlightenment philosophes had argued that the application of science and reason would lead to a better society for all. Did the extraordinary changes wrought by the Industrial Revolution represent progress? (Decide as a group whether your definition of progress will be grounded in a classical liberal, radical liberal or socialist political philosophy.)

Develop a provisional Class Thesis Statement, and then apply the thesis statement to your group's section of the class presentation. Write a topic sentence for your group's section of the class presentation.

Homework:

Manchester Factory Kids (1836) 

Pissaro, "L'avenue de l'Opera, Sunlight, Winter Morning." (1898)

Manet, A Bar at the  Folies-Bergeres
(1881-82) (Smarthitory)

• Hegel: History, Dialectic and Progress; 
• Sophie on Hegel; 
• Hegel in Notes on Nieman's Evil in the Modern World (2002)

The Enlightenment philosophes had argued that the application of science and reason would lead to a better society for all. Did the extraordinary changes wrought by the Industrial Revolution represent progress? (Decide as a group whether your definition of progress will be grounded in a classical liberal, radical liberal or socialist political philosophy.)

Industrial Revolution Group Projects:

Test Questions: (Be prepared to answer these questions from the points of view of a Conservative, a Classical Liberal, a Radical Liberal or a Socialist.)

1. What were the causes of the Industrial Revolution in England?
2. How did innovations in technology and business practice revolutionize the production and marketing of goods? How were these innovations financed?
3. What impact did the new economy have on the lives (job security, work conditions, housing, health) of English workers? Did Adam Smith's "invisible hand" create a just society?
4. How did England avoid a workers' revolution? What did workers do to exert pressure on the factory owners and the government in order that have their grievances heard? What political and legislative changes resulted from this debate?
5. How was the ideological debate about the problem of urban poverty reflected in the popular culture of late 19^th c.  England?

Industrial Revolution Group Projects
Industrial Revolution Links 
Presentation Guidelines

Daumier, The Third-Class Carriage, (1862)

Dore, Chimney Sweep (1872)

Dore, Seven Dials (1872)

The Enlightenment philosophes had argued that the application of science and reason would lead to a better society for all. Did the extraordinary changes wrought by the Industrial Revolution represent progress? (Decide as a group whether your definition of progress will be grounded in a classical liberal, radical liberal or socialist political philosophy.)

THESIS:

• Remember that your topic sentence must be directly related to our thesis.
• Think about transitions between your presentation and your partner's presentation.
• Think about transitions between your group and the next group.
• Remember to quote your texts and to cite your sources.

Homework:

Dore  "The Terraces" from London  (1872)

Darby and Pritchard, Iron Bridge at Coalbrookdale, (1779)

Test Questions: (Be prepared to answer these questions from the points of view of a Classical Liberal, a Radical Liberal or a Socialist.)

1. What were the causes of the Industrial Revolution in England?
2. How did innovations in technology and business practice revolutionize the production and marketing of goods? How were these innovations financed?
3. What impact did the new economy have on the lives (job security, work conditions, housing, health) of English workers? Did Adam Smith's "invisible hand" create a just society?
4. How did England avoid a workers' revolution? What did workers do to exert pressure on the factory owners and the government in order to have their grievances heard? What political and legislative changes resulted from this debate?
5. How was the ideological debate about the problem of urban poverty reflected in the popular culture of late 19^th c. England? 

Homework:

• Prepare for Test

Ringling Brothers Barnum and Bailey Poster (1885)

Dore  "The Terraces" from London  (1872)

Test Questions: (Be prepared to answer these questions from the points of view of a Classical Liberal, a Radical Liberal or a Socialist.)

1. What were the causes of the Industrial Revolution in England?
2. How did innovations in technology and business practice revolutionize the production and marketing of goods? How were these innovations financed?
3. What impact did the new economy have on the lives (job security, work conditions, housing, health) of English workers? Did Adam Smith's "invisible hand" create a just society?
4. How did England avoid a workers' revolution? What did workers do to exert pressure on the factory owners and the government in order to have their grievances heard? What political and legislative changes resulted from this debate?
5. How was the ideological debate about the problem of urban poverty reflected in the popular culture of late 19thc. England? 
   

Test Questions: (Be prepared to answer these questions from the points of view of a Classical Liberal, a Radical Liberal or a Socialist.)

1. What were the causes of the Industrial Revolution in England?
2. How did innovations in technology and business practice revolutionize the production and marketing of goods? How were these innovations financed?
3. What impact did the new economy have on the lives (job security, work conditions, housing, health) of English workers? Did Adam Smith's "invisible hand" create a just society?
4. How did England avoid a workers' revolution? What did workers do to exert pressure on the factory owners and the government in order to have their grievances heard? What political and legislative changes resulted from this debate?
5. How was the ideological debate about the problem of urban poverty reflected in the popular culture of late 19thc. England? 

Test Questions: (Be prepared to answer these questions from the points of view of a Classical Liberal, a Radical Liberal or a Socialist.)

1. What were the causes of the Industrial Revolution in England?
2. How did innovations in technology and business practice revolutionize the production and marketing of goods? How were these innovations financed?
3. What impact did the new economy have on the lives (job security, work conditions, housing, health) of English workers? Did Adam Smith's "invisible hand" create a just society?
4. How did England avoid a workers' revolution? What did workers do to exert pressure on the factory owners and the government in order to have their grievances heard? What political and legislative changes resulted from this debate?
5. How was the ideological debate about the problem of urban poverty reflected in the popular culture of late 19thc. England? 

Test Questions: (Be prepared to answer these questions from the points of view of a Classical Liberal, a Radical Liberal or a Socialist.)

1. What were the causes of the Industrial Revolution in England?
2. How did innovations in technology and business practice revolutionize the production and marketing of goods? How were these innovations financed?
3. What impact did the new economy have on the lives (job security, work conditions, housing, health) of English workers? Did Adam Smith's "invisible hand" create a just society?
4. How did England avoid a workers' revolution? What did workers do to exert pressure on the factory owners and the government in order to have their grievances heard? What political and legislative changes resulted from this debate?
5. How was the ideological debate about the problem of urban poverty reflected in the popular culture of late 19thc. England? 

Test Questions: (Be prepared to answer these questions from the points of view of a Classical Liberal, a Radical Liberal or a Socialist.)

1. What were the causes of the Industrial Revolution in England?
2. How did innovations in technology and business practice revolutionize the production and marketing of goods? How were these innovations financed?
3. What impact did the new economy have on the lives (job security, work conditions, housing, health) of English workers? Did Adam Smith's "invisible hand" create a just society?
4. How did England avoid a workers' revolution? What did workers do to exert pressure on the factory owners and the government in order to have their grievances heard? What political and legislative changes resulted from this debate?
5. How was the ideological debate about the problem of urban poverty reflected in the popular culture of late 19thc. England? 

The Crystal Palace
at The Great Exhibition of 1851

Darby and Pritchard, Iron Bridge at Coalbrookdale, (1779)

Test Questions: (Be prepared to answer these questions from the points of view of a Classical Liberal, a Radical Liberal or a Socialist.)

1. What were the causes of the Industrial Revolution in England?
2. How did innovations in technology and business practice revolutionize the production and marketing of goods? How were these innovations financed?
3. What impact did the new economy have on the lives (job security, work conditions, housing, health) of English workers? Did Adam Smith's "invisible hand" create a just society?
4. How did England avoid a workers' revolution? What did workers do to exert pressure on the factory owners and the government in order to have their grievances heard? What political and legislative changes resulted from this debate?
5. How was the ideological debate about the problem of urban poverty reflected in the popular culture of late 19thc. England? 

Projects:

• The Origins of the Industrial Revolution
• Advancements in Industrial Technology
• Life of a Worker 
• Political Reforms
  
• Entertainment during the Industrial Revolution

Test Questions: (Be prepared to answer these questions from the points of view of a Classical Liberal, a Radical Liberal or a Socialist.)

1. What were the causes of the Industrial Revolution in England?
2. How did innovations in technology and business practice revolutionize the production and marketing of goods? How were these innovations financed?
3. What impact did the new economy have on the lives (job security, work conditions, housing, health) of English workers? Did Adam Smith's "invisible hand" create a just society?
4. How did England avoid a workers' revolution? What did workers do to exert pressure on the factory owners and the government in order to have their grievances heard? What political and legislative changes resulted from this debate?
5. How was the ideological debate about the problem of urban poverty reflected in the popular culture of late 19thc. England? 

 Karl Marx 1818-1883

Sigmund Freud 1856-1939

Charles Darwin 1809-1882

Freiderich Nietzsche 1844-1900

Modern Art: The Revolt Against Representation (ppt.)

Modern Consciousness:

The Intellectual Backgrounds to Modern Consciousness:

• Marx 
• Darwin 
• Freud
• Nietzsche
• Study Guide
• The Zeitgeist of Modernism

• Marx: 
• Political Theory (The School of Life)
• Was Karl Marx right? (The Economist)
• A Brief Introduction to Marxism  (The Curious Classroom)
• Karl Marx on Alienation (BBC Radio 4)
• The Development of Marx's Thought from Donald Treadgold's 20th Century Russia
• Darwin 
• Charles Darwin (The Man Who Changed The World) 
• What is Natural Selection? (Stated Clearly)
• What is Evolution?  (Stated Clearly)
• What is the Evidence for Evolution?  (Stated Clearly)
• Does the Theory of Evolution Really Matter? (Stated Clearly)
• Nietzsche
• Philosophy-- Nietzsche (The School of Life)
• Nietzsche on: The Superman (The School of Life)
• Introduction to Nietzsche (Academy of Ideas)
• Nietzsche and Psychology: How To Become Who You Are (Academy of Ideas)
• Nietzsche and Morality: The Higher Man and The Herd (Academy of Ideas)
• Nietzsche and Self Overcoming (Academy of Ideas)
• Nietzsche and Dionysus: Tragedy and the Affirmation of Life (Academy of Ideas)
• Nietzsche and Zapffe: Beauty, Suffering, and the Nature of Genius (Academy of Ideas)
• The Good Life: Nietzsche (Wireless Philosophy)
  
• Freud
• Psychotherapy- Sigmund Freud (The School of Life)
• The Oedipus Complex (BBC Radio)
• Jonathan Haidt on The Divided Self

Homework: 

Presentation Expectations:

• Create a slide towards the beginning of your presentation which introduces
  the topic with a short video and a topic sentence.

• Answer the Study Guide Questions

• Provide a Brief Biography of your Modern Thinker

• Make In-text Citations to your sources on each slide.

• Find the best Short Quotes from your sources to use in your presentation.

• Provide Interesting Graphics (pictures, sketches, tables) to Illustrate your Presentation.

• Provide Excerpts from Videos to explain Difficult Concepts

• Use video to narrate your analysis instead of filling up slides with text.

• Make your videos public on the web

• Second to the Last Slide: Make your conclusion clear.

• End Your Presentation with a Properly Formatted Works Cited Page..

Homework:

• Presentations: the Intellectual Backgrounds to Modern Consciousness
• Monty Python Philosophy Football Match (YouTube)

 Karl Marx 1818-1883

Sigmund Freud 1856-1939

Charles Darwin 1809-1882


Freiderich Nietzsche 1844-1900

The Test of Liberalism: 
Intellectual Backgrounds: 
Marx, Freud, Darwin and Nietzsche

The Intellectual Backgrounds to Modern Consciousness:

• Marx 
• Darwin 
• Freud
• Nietzsche
• Study Guide
• The Zeitgeist of Modernism
• Monty Python Philosophy Football Match (YouTube)

Presentation Expectations:

• Create a slide towards the beginning of your presentation which introduces
  the topic with a short video and a topic sentence.

• Answer the Study Guide Questions

• Provide a Brief Biography of your Modern Thinker

• Make In-text Citations to your sources on each slide.

• Find the best Short Quotes from your sources to use in your presentation.

• Provide Interesting Graphics (pictures, sketches, tables) to Illustrate your Presentation.

• Provide Excerpts from Videos to explain Difficult Concepts

• Use video to narrate your analysis instead of filling up slides with text.

• Make your videos public on the web

• Second to the Last Slide: Make your conclusion clear.

• End Your Presentation with a Properly Formatted Works Cited Page.

Homework: 

Prepare for Quiz

The Rhodes Colossus Punch vol. 103 December 10, 1892

"The White Man's Burden" Detroit Journal, Feb. 1899, reprinted in Literary Digest (Feb. 18, 1899) More cartoons depicting Rhodes from NYPL.

"New Crowns for Old Ones" John Tenniel Punch 15 April 1876 (Victorian Web)

Imperialism:

The Mercator Projection	How Big is Africa? (Economist)
World Map Cylyndrical Equal Area

Video:

• "Why are we changing maps?" (VIDEO from The West Wing)
• "What Does Earth Look Like?" (VIDEO from Vesauce)
• What Earth Looks Like Now (U.S. Navy)
• Google Maps Mercator Puzzle

Homework:

Social Darwinism:

• Herbert Spencer, Survival of the Fittest Applied to Human Kind (1851)
• Rudyard Kipling, “The White Man's Burden” (1899)
• Karl Pearson, National Life from the Standpoint of Science (1900)

For further reading:

• Why did the British Empire expand so rapidly between 1870 and 1900? (Victorian Web)
• Mill, On Colonies and Colonization (1848)
• Hobson, Imperialism (1902)
• Lenin, Imperialism, The Highest Stage of Capitalism (1917)
• Breasted, The Conquest of Civilizations, (1926) (excerpts)
• The Lenin Discussion: Evaluating Imperialism (Blaut) 

The British Empire in 1897

The British Empire (Luscombe) (clickable map)
“Rule Britannia” (the Anthem)

The British Empire in 1914

Asia Colonization

Presentations on Modern Consciousness:

• Marx 
• Darwin 
• Freud
• Nietzsche
• Study Guide

The New Imperialism: From Classical Liberalism to Social Darwinism

• Extent of Colonialism (tables) (Mt. Holyoke)
• The Rise and Fall of the British Empire (video)
• Spencer, "Survival of the Fittest Applied to Human Kind" (1851) 
• Kipling: The White Man's Burden, (1899) Is This Liberalism?

Homework:

• The New Imperialism (New England College)
• Imperialism Map Work: The World in 1914
• World Map (Facing History)
• Map: Age of Imperialism
  

Further reading:

• Theories of Imperialism (Mt. Holyoke College) 
• The Berlin Conference (North Park University)
•  Jeffrey Tayler: Vessel of Last Resort, The Atlantic, Sept 1996 (Class Discussion)
• The Life of Cecil J. Rhodes (Britannica)

Colonial Africa
Imperialism in South East Asia	World Colonial Holdings (1914)
The Colonial World 1919

The New Imperialism:  

• Extent of Colonialism (tables) (Mt. Holyoke)
• Spencer, "Survival of the Fittest Applied to Human Kind" (1851) From Classical Liberalism to Social Darwinism
• Kipling: The White Man's Burden, (1899) Is This Liberalism?
• The Berlin Conference (1884)  (North Park University)

Homework:

• The New Imperialism (New England College)
• Notes on E.D. Morel,  "The Story of the Congo Free State" from The Black Man's Burden (1920)
• Skim: The History of Colonialism In Africa (Map)

Modernism Presentations:

• Marx
• Darwin
• Nietzsche
• Freud
  

For Further Reading:

• Sophie's World, pp. 385-446: Marx, Darwin, Freud
• Adam Hochschild, Stranger in Strange Lands: Joseph Conrad and the Dawn of Globalization
  Foreign Affairs April 2018
• Excerpts from Hochschild, King Leopold's Ghost (1999)
• George Washington Williams presentation  from Claremont College
  
• The New Imperialism (outline) What ideology is reflected in this author's argument about the nature of the forces which drove imperialism and led to WWI
• Reports on Imperialism Primary Source Documents (University of Warwick)
• Jeffrey Tayler: Vessel of Last Resort, The Atlantic, Sept 1996 (Class Discussion)

Africa in 1885 from Black's Atlas of the World 

The Congo

Quiz on Backgrounds to Modern Consciousness

Essay on Conrad's Heart of Darkness due Monday, April 16th at 3:30 p.m.

The New Imperialism:  

• Extent of Colonialism (tables) (Mt. Holyoke)
• Spencer, "Survival of the Fittest Applied to Human Kind" (1851) From Classical Liberalism to Social Darwinism
• Kipling: The White Man's Burden, (1899) Is This Liberalism?
• The Berlin Conference (1884)  (North Park University)

The New Imperialism:

• Notes on "The Story of the Congo Free State" from J.D. Morel's The Black Man's Burden (1920)

• Extent of the Tragedy
• The Berlin Conference (1884)
• The Congo Region Prior to Imperialism 
• Crimes Against Humanity
• Implementation with Terror
• European Profits/Native Decimation

Introduction to Conrad (Powerpoint) and Heart of Darkness 

Homework:

Heart of Darkness (Reading One, pp. 15-22; (pp. 1-6) (pp. 3-9)) 
Study Guide: part one

Africa in 1885 from Black's Atlas of the World

The Thames from London to the sea

Essay on Conrad's Heart of Darkness due Monday, April 15th at 3:30 p.m.

Heart of Darkness: Lesson Plan One

Marlow, the Un-named Narrator and 
Conrad's Intricate Frame for Heart of Darkness

Body Paragraph One: Conrad's Intricate Frame

• historic voyages that have left from Gravesend (4-5)
• a 'nutshell' (6)
• Marlow (5-6)
• Romans venture into the 'darkness' (6-7)
• the 'idea' which justifies conquest (7)

Homework:

• Heart of Darkness (Reading Two, pp. 22-39; pp. 6-16;  9-23)  Study Guide Two
• In 1939 Orson Welles Turns Heart of Darkness Into a Radio Drama, and Almost His First Great Film

For further Reading:

• See  Uganda's Secret War by Tim Judah (2004) (NY Review of Books) for the influence of Sudan military support for katongo militia  on Northern Uganda.
• In the Heart of Darkness by Adam Hochschild (2005) (NY Review of Books)
• Rape in the Congo by Adam Hochschild  (July 2009) (NY Review of Books) 
• Joseph Kony, Lord's Resistance Army (NPR) (NY Times);

La Grande Place, Brussels (c. 1890-1900)

West Africa

The Snake of the Congo River

Essay on Conrad's Heart of Darkness due Monday, April 15th at 3:30 p.m.

Body Paragraph One: Conrad's Intricate Frame

• historic voyages that have left from Gravesend (4-5)
• a 'nutshell' (6)
• Marlow (5-6)
• Romans venture into the 'darkness' (6-7)
• the 'idea' which justifies conquest (7)

Heart of Darkness: (Reading Two) Lesson Plan Two (Quiz)

Body Paragraph Two: Symbols as Signposts on the Trail of Kurtz

• the snake of the Congo River (8)
• the sad fate of Captain Fresleven (6) (10)
• knitting women beside the great map of Africa (7-8) (11)
• the doctor and his secret theory (9) (13-14)
• the Africans (10) (16)
• the French warship (11) (16)

Body Paragraph Three: The Outer Station

• a Swede (12) (17)
• first impressions (12) (17)
• the chain gang (13-14) (18)
•  the grove of trees (14) (19-20)
• the Chief Accountant (15-16) (21)
• first mention of Kurtz (15-16) (22)

Homework:

• Heart of Darkness (Reading Three pp. 38-59 pp. 16-26; 22-37) (Reading Three continued) Study Guide Three

The Golden Thread: The Fates

The Congo


Leopoldville: The Outer Station

Fisherman pole their boat out into the Congo River (ca. 1950). CORBIS/Otto Lang.

Late 19th Congo Sculpture (in response to the Belgian exploitation)

Essay on Conrad's Heart of Darkness due Monday, April 15th at 3:30 p.m.

Body Paragraph One: Conrad's Intricate Frame

• historic voyages that have left from Gravesend (4-5)
• a 'nutshell' (6)
• Marlow (5-6)
• Romans venture into the 'darkness' (6-7)
• the 'idea' which justifies conquest (7)

Body Paragraph Two: Symbols as Signposts on the Trail of Kurtz

• the snake of the Congo River (8)
• the sad fate of Captain Fresleven (6) (10)
• knitting women beside the great map of Africa (7-8) (11)
• the doctor and his secret theory (9) (13-14)
• the Africans (10) (16)
• the French warship (11) (16)

Body Paragraph Three: The Outer Station

• a Swede (12) (17)
• first impressions (12) (17)
• the chain gang (13-14) (18)
•  the grove of trees (14) (19-20)
• the Chief Accountant (15-16) (21)
• first mention of Kurtz (15-16) (22)

Body Paragraph Four: The Middle Station

• The Trek (16-17) (22-23)
• Marlow's white companion (17) (23)
• the sunken steamer (18) (25)
• the General Manager (19-20) (25-26)
• the pilgrims (20) (27)
• the 'paper-mache Mephistopholes'
• Kurtz's painting (21-22) (30)
• Imagining Kurtz (23) (32)
• Marlow breaks off his story (24) (32-33)

5^th Period: Film: The Outer Station in Apocalypse Now (1979)

Homework:

• Heart of Darkness (Reading Four pp. 59- 86; 27-47; 38-64) (Notes)  Study Guide Four

For further Reading:

• Racial Attitudes in Victorian England (Victorian Web)
  
• Newman on The Victorian Gentleman (Victorian Web)
• Stereotypes of Africa and Africans in the Late 19th Century European Imagination (Powerpoint)

The Congo 

Congo Riverboat

Fisherman pole their boat out into the Congo River (ca. 1950). CORBIS/Otto Lang.

Essay on Conrad's Heart of Darkness due Monday, April 15th at 3:30 p.m.

Carl Jung and the Shadow: Integrating the Hidden Power of Your Dark Side (Video)

• historic voyages that have left from Gravesend (4-5)
• a 'nutshell' (6)
• Marlow (5-6)
• Romans venture into the 'darkness' (6-7)
• the 'idea' which justifies conquest (7)

Body Paragraph Two: Symbols as Signposts on the Trail of Kurtz

• the snake of the Congo River (8)
• the sad fate of Captain Fresleven (6) (10)
• knitting women beside the great map of Africa (7-8) (11)
• the doctor and his secret theory (9) (13-14)
• the Africans (10) (16)
• the French warship (11) (16)

Body Paragraph Three: The Outer Station

• a Swede (12) (17)
• first impressions (12) (17)
• the chain gang (13-14) (18)
•  the grove of trees (14) (19-20)
• the Chief Accountant (15-16) (21)
• first mention of Kurtz (15-16) (22)

Body Paragraph Four: The Middle Station

• The Trek (16-17) (22-23)
• Marlow's white companion (17) (23)
• the sunken steamer (18) (25)
• the General Manager (19-20) (25-26)
• the pilgrims (20) (27)
• the 'paper-mache Mephistopholes'
• Kurtz's painting (21-22) (30)
• Imagining Kurtz (23) (32)
• Marlow breaks off his story (24) (32-33)

Homework:

• Heart of Darkness, Reading Five, (pp. 87- 108; 47-67; 64-83) The Inner Station  Study Guide Five

For further Reading:

• Racial Attitudes in Victorian England (Victorian Web)
  
• Newman on The Victorian Gentleman (Victorian Web)
  
• Stereotypes of Africa and Africans in the Late 19th Century European Imagination (Powerpoint)

The Congo River

Congo Riverboat

Kamba "type," Niari River region, French Congo Jean Audema c. 1900, postcard

Essay on Conrad's Heart of Darkness due Monday, April 15th at 3:30 p.m.

Body Paragraph Five: The Overheard Conversation (27-29)

Body Paragraph Six: The Voyage to the Inner Station Study Guide Four

• The Voyage Up River (30) (41)
• The Fireman (33) (45)
• The Strange Message in the Hut (64) (33) (45)
• The Silent Fog, the Cry of Infinite Desolation, and the Cannibals (67-68) (72) (35-36)  (48-49)
• The Hail of Arrows 'they looked like they wouldn't kill a cat' (41) (76) (55)
• The Death of the Helmsman (78) (42) (57)
• The Look on the Helmsman's Face at the Moment of Death (84)
• Marlow's Frenzied Change of Shoes (79) (43) (57-58)
• Marlow's Sudden Realization of the Secret of Kurtz's Power (79) (43) (61)
• Kurtz's Essay for the International Society for the Suppression of Savage Customs (83) (45-46) (61)(42-43) (62-63)
• Marlow's Moment of Compassion (86)
• Arrival at the Inner Station and the Encounter with Kurtz's Fool (87) (48) (64-65)

Body Paragraph Seven: Kurtz and The Inner Station  (Reading Five) Study Guide Five

• Kurtz's Court Jester (48-49) (64-69)
• The Fool on Kurtz (51-52) (69-70)
• The Heart of Darkness (54-55) (73-74)
• Marlow Wrestles with Kurtz (58-59) (79-82)

Homework:

• Heart of Darkness: (Reading Six pp. 108-124; 61-72; 83-95) Study Guide Six

For further reading:

• Chinua Achebe: 'Heart Of Darkness' Is Inappropriate
• Chinua Achebe on Heart of Darkness 
•  "Out of Africa": Caryl Philips vs. Chinua Achebe on Conrad as Racist (Guardian 2/22/03)
•  Conrad Critical Resources

Body Paragraph Six: The Voyage to the Inner Station Study Guide Four

• The Voyage Up River (30-31) (41)
• The Village (41)
  
• The Fireman (33) (45)
• The Strange Message in the Hut (64) (33) (45)
• The Silent Fog, the Cry of Infinite Desolation, and the Cannibals (67-68) (72) (35-36) (48-49)
• The Hail of Arrows 'they looked like they wouldn't kill a cat' (76) (40) (55)
• The Death of the Helmsman (78) (41-42) (57)
• Marlow Describes the Helmsman's Face at the Moment of Death (84) (46-47) (62-63)
• Marlow's Frenzied Change of Shoes (79) (43) (57-58)
• Marlow's Sudden Realization of the Secret of Kurtz's Power (79) (43) (58)
• Kurtz's Essay for the International Society for the Suppression of Savage Customs (83) (45-46) (61)
• Marlow's Moment of Compassion (86)
• Arrival at the Inner Station and the Encounter with Kurtz's Fool (87) (48) (64-65)

Homework:

Heart of Darkness: (Reading Six pp. 108-124; 61-72; 83-95) Study Guide Six

Essay on Conrad's Heart of Darkness due Monday, April 15th at 3:30 p.m.

Body Paragraph Seven: Kurtz and The Inner Station  (Reading Five) Study Guide Five

• Kurtz's Court Jester (48-49) (64-69)
• The Fool on Kurtz (51-52) (69-70)
• The Heart of Darkness (54-55) (73-74)
• Marlow Wrestles with Kurtz (58-59) (79-82)
• Kurtz's Death (64) (86-87) (Kurtz's Essay) (43) (61)

For further reading:

• Chinua Achebe on Heart of Darkness 
•  "Out of Africa": Caryl Philips vs. Chinua Achebe on Conrad as Racist (Guardian 2/22/03)
• Conrad Critical Resources

Mask (kibwabwabwa) Kete or Mbagani peoples,   Democratic Republic of the Congo, 19th-20th c.

Body Paragraph Seven: Kurtz and The Inner Station  (Reading Five) Study Guide Five

• Kurtz's Court Jester (48-49) (64-69)
• The Fool on Kurtz (51-52) (69-70)
• The Heart of Darkness (54-55) (73-74)
• Marlow Wrestles with Kurtz (58-59) (79-82)
• Kurtz's Death (64) (86-87) (Kurtz's Essay) (43) (61)

Paragraph Eight: The Return Study Guide Six

• Marlow's Illness (65) (87-88)
• Brussels (65-66) (88-90)
• The Intended (68-71) (92-95)
• Final Image (72) (96)

Conclusion: IS progress possible?

Homework:

• Essay on Conrad's Heart of Darkness due Monday, April 15th at 3:30 p.m.

• Heart of Darkness Outline
• Peer Review Essay Workshop 

Faivre, "On les aura!" (1916)

Essay on Conrad's Heart of Darkness due Monday, April 15th at 3:30 p.m.

European Humanities Artifact Project (2018-19)

Introduction to World War One Poetry

Never such innocence,
Never before or since,
As changed itself to past
Without a word—the men
Leaving the gardens tidy,
The thousands of marriages
Lasting a little while longer:
Never such innocence again.

—Philip Larkin, MCMXIV

• Europe Map: Before, After, Current (NY Times)
• Statistics on War
• World War One (intro)
• World War One (Powerpoint)
• World War One (BBC)
• Kubrick, Paths of Glory (1957): (Clip)

Homework:

•  "Never Such Innocence Again" from The Great War and Modern Memory (1975) by Paul Fussell

• "Birth of the Modern Age?" from Rites of Spring: The Great War and the Birth of the Modern Age (1990) by Modris Ecksteins 
• The Western Front and the Birth of Total War by Dr Stephen Badsey (BBC)
• World War One in Photos (Atlantic)

European Alliances on the Eve of World War I

The German Artist Walter Trier's Map of Europe in 1914

John Nash, Over the Top,
Imperial War Museum, London.

"Never Such Innocence Again" from The Great War and Modern Memory (1975) by Paul Fussell (Quiz)

The Grand Illusion: Poetry from Before the War

Alfred Lord Tennyson: "The Charge of the Light Brigade"
Robert Browning: "Home-Thoughts, From Abroad" 
Henry Newboldt: "Vitai Lampada"; "Clifton Chapel"  
Rudyard Kipling: "Danny Deever"; "Tommy"; "Recessional"; "Shillin’ a Day"; Gunga Din

Homework:

• Paragraph on poem by Thomas Hardy

• The Battle of Verdun (ppt.) (Atkinson Barnes) (Quiz)
• Renoir, Grand Illusion (complete film) (1937)

The Schlieffen Plan	World War I

French Infantry Attack
War Films: The Battle of the Somme (Mosaic) 

Destroy This Mad Brute—Enlist (1917) by H.R. Hopps was
an American Recruitment poster, which attacked Germany
for their brutal actions in the Rape of Belgium

Paragraph on one of the following poems:

Thomas Hardy,

• "The Darkling Thrush" (1900)
• "Drummer Hodge" (1898)
• "The Man He Killed" (1902)
• "Channel Firing" (1914)

Homework: Poem Presentation Project

• Poems from the Iraq War by Brian Turner 
• "Al-A'mma Bridge" (2005) (out loud) 
• "The Mutanabbi Street Bombing" (2007) 
• "Phantom Noise" (2010)

Max Beckmann, Die Granate (Shell), 1915

Henri Gaudier-Brzeska, La mitrailleuse en action
(The Machine-gun in Action), 1915, Musée National d'Art Moderne, Paris.

Otto Dix, Lichtsignale (The Flare), 1917

Ernst, Murdering Airplane (1920)

Singer Sargent, Gassed (1918)

Poem Presentation Project

The Reality of Modern War
Prepare 2-3 minute speech on your poem.

Poem Presentation Project  

The Happy Warrior

Poem Presentation Project

The Reality of Modern War

Brooke, "Peace"; "The Dead"; "The Soldier"
Asquith, "The Volunteer"
Read, "The Happy Warrior"
McCrae, "In Flanders Fields"
Seeger, "I Have a Rendezvous With Death"; 
Owen, "Anthem for Doomed Youth"; "Disabled"; "Strange Meeting"
Sassoon, "Exposure", "A Working Party"; "Counter-Attack"; "Suicide in the Trenches"
Adlington, "Bombardment"
Rosenberg, "Break of Day in the Trenches"

Homework:

• 20 Minute Essay on Wilfrid Owen

For further reading:

• Artifacts Site:  World War I
• Andrew Page, The legacy of gay war poets 12 November 2014
• Alistair Horne, The legend of Verdun : In 1916, in one of history’s longest and deadliest battles, 300,000 French and German troops died for a few acres of France. The ghosts still linger.
  The New Statesman 17 February 2016
  
• Art of World War One
• World War One Posters.

Picasso, Portrait of
Gertrude Stein (1906)  (Smarthistory)

Katsushika Hokusai 
The Great Wave Off Kanagawa,
from "Thirty-six Views of Mount Fuji" (1823-29)

Portrait of Ambroise Vollard,
Picasso (1910)

How To Understand A Picasso (Nerdwriter)

Poem Presentation Project

Modernist Poetry:

• Gertrude Stein “Susie Asado”; "If I Told Him" (1914) (audio)
• Ezra Pound and Imagism "In a Station in the Metro" (1913)
• Eastern Philosophy: Matsuo Basho (1644-94)
• The Haiku of Basho 
• The Armory Show of 1913  (video)
  
• William Carlos Williams "The Red Wheelbarrow"; "The Great Figure" (1923)

• Modernist Writing ala Stein and Pound

• World War One (Writewell)
• Modernism (Writewell)
• Al Filreis Stein Links (UPenn) 
• Hemingway’s Affirmations
• Kafka Lesson Plan
• The Zeitgeist of Modernism

Aivazovsky,  The Ninth Wave, 1850


Surikov, The Morning of the Execution of the Streltsy. 1881

Nineteenth Century Russian Radicalism

Towards an Artifacts Project on the zeitgeist of mid 19th Century Russia:

Russia: 1825-1917

• Backgrounds to the Russian Revolution (Powerpoint)
• The Decembrist's Revolt: Nicholas I (1825-1855)
• Autocracy, Orthodoxy and Nationalism

• Pushkin, "The Bronze Horseman" (1833)

Alexander Pushkin (1799-1837)

 
Falconet's  Statue of Peter the Great  (1788)

Nicholas I (1796-1855)

Neva River Flood Nov 7, 1824

Pushkin, "The Bronze Horseman" (1833)

•  introduction (illustration) (discussion) 
• (Essay Topic) (kviz) 
• (Figes on "The Bronze Horseman") 
• (Harvard Page)

Key Events:

• Victory over Napoleon (1812)
• The Decembrist Revolt (1825)
  
• Nicholas I: Autocracy, Orthodoxy and Nationalism
• The Failed Liberal Revolutions of 1848
• The Crimean War (1855)
• Alexander II Frees the Serfs (1861)
• Assassination of Alexander II (1881)
• Repression of Alexander III
  

Homework:

The Impact of 1848:

• Turgenev, "A Country Doctor" (1855) (Class Discussion)

For Further Reading:

Humanities Website: Nineteenth Century Russia

Literature:

• Pushkin, "The Station-master" (1830); "The Bronze Horseman" (1833); "The Queen of Spades" (1834)  (selected poetry)
• Gogol, "The Overcoat " (1842) "The Nose" (1846)  (An animated version of The Nose.)
• Turgenev, "A Country Doctor" (1855); A Sportsman's Sketches (1855); Fathers and Sons (1861)
• Dostoevsky, "The Most Precious Thing for Man" from Notes from Underground (1864); "Raskolnikov's Terrible Dream" from Crime and Punishment (1865); "The Parable of the Grand Inquisitor" from The Brothers Karamazov (1879)
• Tolstoy, The Death of Ivan Ilych (1882)

Politics:

• Herzen, "Paris 1848, After the June Days"; Introduction; "A Voice for the Russian People" 
• Belinsky, "Letter to Gogol" (1846); Belinsky and Gogol Argue Over Russian Destiny (1846) (Mosaic)  Belinsky, (Notes)

Secondary Sources:

• Evaluating 1848 (Mosaic)
• Isaiah Berlin, Liberty: Freedom from? or Freedom to? 

Vladimir Ilych Lenin (1870-1924)

Red Square: Painterly Realism of a Peasant Woman in Two Dimensions
(1915) State Museum, St. Petersburg

Tatlin, Model for
Monument to the Third International (1919) 

Poster for  October:
Ten Days That Shook the World (1927)

The Impact of 1848:

• Turgenev, "A Country Doctor" (1855) (Class Discussion)

From Socialism to Marxism to Leninism:

Review: Utopian Socialists; Marx and Engels;

Key Events Leading to the Revolution:

• Victory over Napoleon (1812)
• The Decembrist Revolt (1825) 
• Nicholas I: Autocracy, Orthodoxy and Nationalism
• The Failed Liberal Revolutions of 1848
• The Crimean War (1855)
• Alexander II Frees the Serfs (1861)
• Assassination of Alexander II (1881)
• Repression of Alexander III
• The Russo Japanese War (1905)
• Revolution of 1905
• World War One (1914-17)

Vladimir Illych Lenin (1870-1924): “What Is to Be Done?” (1902)

 “What Was Done” (Julius lecture) (outline):

• The February Revolution (1917)
• The Provisional Government vs. The Soviets
• Lenin’s April Theses “All power to the Soviets”
• The July Days "Peace, Bread, and Land"
• The Kornilov Affair
• The October Revolution
• Suppression of Constituent Assembly
• Civil War (1917-1921)

Historical Artifacts:

• Lenin, “What Is to Be Done?” (1902)
• The February Revolution (1917) 
• Order Number 1 (1917) 
• Lenin, April Theses “All power to the Soviets” (1917)
• Lenin, "Peace, Bread, and Land" (July 1917)
• Call to Power (Oct 24, 1917) 
• The "Unknown" Lenin (1918)

Literary Artifacts:

• Blok, "The Twelve" (1917)  (selected poetry)
• Babel, "My First Goose" from Red Cavalry (1925)  
• Early Twentieth Century Russian Drama
• Yeats, “The Second Coming” (1920)

Humanities Website: The Russian Revolution

Art Website:  Russian Avant-Garde Art

Cool Website: Seventeen Moments in Soviet History: 1917

For further reading:

More Lenin: "Marxism and Revisionism" (1908); Imperialism, The Highest Stage of Capitalism (1916); State and Revolution (1917) (extracts) ; April Theses; Call to Power,  (Perry excerpt) (1917); On the Organization of and Extraordinary Commission to Fight Counter Revolution (1917);  Origins of the CHEKA (1917); Dissolution  of the Constituent Assembly (1918)   Hanging Order for Kulaks (1918); "Artists are Irresponsible People" (1919); Conditions for Membership of Comnintern (1920); Testament (1922)

Homework: 

• Babel, "My First Goose" from Red Cavalry (1925)