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Russian
Studies
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3rd
Period EVEN Days; Bump Day 1
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EK
71
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Spragins
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Spring
2013
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Outline:
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The Russian Revolutions (1905-1937)
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Heart
of a Dog (1925) by Mikhail Bulgakov |
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The Battleship Potemkin (1925) by Sergei Eisenstein
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The Stalin Revolution
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The Foundation Pit by Andrey Platonov
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Altman, Anna Akhmatova (1914) |
Requiem
(1935-61) by Anna Akhmatova |
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|  | Red Plenty (2010) by Francis Spufford
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The Collapse of the Soviet Union and the Future of Russia
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| The Possessed: Adventures with Russian Books and the People Who Read Them (2010) by Elif Batuman
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Month
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Day
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Cycle Day
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Day
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Assignment
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1
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28
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Day 9
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Mon.
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Exam
Make Up Day
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1
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29
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Day 10
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Tues.
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Russia 1914
Tsar Nicholas II and his Family |
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Overview Lecture (powerpoint) (notes)
Russia’s
Peculiar and Persistent Dilemma: What is to be done?
Homework:
 Peasant Family
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1
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30
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Day 1
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Wed.
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Chapter 6. Descendants of
Genghis Kahn
- Kandinsky and the Mongol Tradition
- The Mongol Inheritance
(despite the Eurocentric national myth
- Orientalism and the Conquest of Siberia
- Russian Orientalism: Lermontov,
Balakirev, Stasov, Rimsky-Korsakov
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Chekhov’s Report from Sakhalin; his Travel Writing: The Russian Landscape
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Manifest Destiny, Russian Style
-
Kandinsky: Scythian Shamanism and the Symbolists
Figes, Chapter 4. The Peasant Marriage:
- Bleaker Views of the Peasants
after 1900
- the World of Art movement
and the Ballet Russes
- Stravinsky, The Peasant Wedding
Chapter 7. Russia Through a Soviet
Lens
- Akhmatova at Fountain House
- Homo Sovieticus
- Eisenstein’s Montage; Meyerhold’s
Bio-mechanics and Mayakovsky’s Poetry
- Socialist Realism, the Great Purges and Akhmatova’s ‘Requiem’
- The Great Patriotic War
- Post WWII Repression: The Cold War and the Arts
- Soviet Science Fiction
- Akhmatova’s Final Years
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1
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31
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Day 2
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Thurs.
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"Marxism Comes to
Russia" Chapter 2 of Twentieth Century Russia (2000) by
Donald Treadgold (Reading Guide) (Quiz)
Homework:
"RUSSIA 1905" Williams, Beryl. History Today 55. 5 (May 2005): 44-51.
For further reading:
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2
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1
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Day 3
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Fri.
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2
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4
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Day 4
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Mon.
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Bloody
Sunday January 22, 1905 (A still from the Soviet movie Devyatoe
yanvarya ("9th of January")) (1925)
Ilya Repin, 17 October 1905
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Russian
Revolutions Essay (Due 2/26)
The
Russian Revolutions (notes)
"RUSSIA 1905" Williams,
Beryl. History Today 55. 5 (May 2005): 44-51. (Outline) (Notes)
The
October Manifesto
Homework:
Malia’s Lenin (outline)
"Lenin and the Radiant Future" by Martin Malia New
York Review of Books Volume 48, Number 17 (2001)
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2
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5
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Day 5
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Tues.
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2
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6
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Day 6
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Wed.
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Parent Conference Day
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2
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7
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Day 7
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Thurs.
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2
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8
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Day 8
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Fri.
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Russian
Revolution Essay (Due 2/26)
The 1917
Revolutions (notes)
(outline)
"Lenin and the Radiant Future" by Martin Malia New
York Review of Books Volume 48, Number 17 (2001)
Homework:
For further reading:
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2
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11
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Day 9
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Mon.
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2
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12
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Day 10
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Tues.
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Alexander
Blok
by Konstantin Somov (1907) |
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Russian
Revolution Essay (Due 2/26)
The 1917
Revolutions (notes)
"Lenin and the Radiant Future" by Martin Malia New
York Review of Books Volume 48, Number 17 (2001) (outline)
Blok's, "The Twelve"
(1917)
Homework:
Babel’s "My First Goose" (1925) +
Siegal on Babel
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2
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13
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Day 1
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Wed.
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Isaac
Babel (1894-1940)
Mikhail
Bulgakov
(1891-1940)
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Russian
Revolution Essay (Due 2/26)
The 1917
Revolutions (notes) (chronology)
Babel’s "My First Goose" (1925) +
Siegal on Babel
Homework
For further reading;
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2
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14
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Day 2
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Thurs.
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Tatlin, Model for
Monument to the Third International (1919)
Malevich, Red Square (1915)
Popova's Machine (1922)
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Russian
Revolution Essay (Due 2/26)
The 1917
Revolutions (notes) The NEP (1921-25)
Seventeen Moments in Soviet History: 1921;1924
The Russian Revolutions
Bulgakov’s Heart of a Dog (1925) (Act One) (Study
Guide)
Act One:
- A scalded mutt
freezing on Moscow’s wintry streets (pp. 13-16) (a
Christmas story...survival in Moscow winter....learning to read... the doorman ...the committee1... dog hospital
- Professor Preobrajensky’s Mad Experiments in Reanimation
(pp. 19-22) (womanpatient)
(man with green hair)
- The Marxist
Apartment Committee’s policy of tenant compression (pp. 22-23) (committee1) (committee2)
(tenant compression)
- Dinner and Professor
Preobrajansky’s pessimism about socialism
(pp. 28-29) (Kalabukhov House and galoshes) (twogods)
- The Operarion (pp. 36-38) (operation)
Homework:
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2
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15
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Day 0
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Fri.
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Professional Day
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2
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18
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Day 0
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Mon.
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President's Day
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2
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19
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Day 3
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Tues.
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2
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20
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Day 4
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Wed.
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Mikhail
Bulgakov
(1891-1940)
(Review
of Alexander Raskatov's opera based on the novella)
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Russian
Revolution Essay (Due 2/26)
The 1917
Revolutions (notes): The NEP
(1921-25)
Bulgakov’s
Heart
of a Dog (1925) (Act Two)
Close Reading:
- The Journal of a
Laboratory Dog (pp. 36-38) (first words)
(Chugunkin)
- Comrade Sharik’s embarrassing couture (pp. 39-41) (Sharik's entrance) (peasant
class) (Comrade Sharikov)
(Fotopopov)
- Sharik’s crude faux-pas
at the dinner table (pp. 45-48) (scene
two) (gas attack) (Marxist theory) (cats)
- Sharik and the Department
of Animal Information (pp. 49-53) (cat purges)
(Sharik's girlfriend) (Cat
attack!)
- Spinoza’s Brain (pp.
54-55) (Sharik denounces Preobrazhensky)
- Lobotomizing the
Proletariat (pp. 58-59) (Is it murder?)
- The thymus of a yessum (pp. 59-60) (the
madness continues)
Some
ideas to consider for your essay:
- What is Bulgakov's
stand on the debate about how human idenity
is formed? Does experience determine consciousness (as Marx would
argue)?
- Does social
engineering work?
- Is Westernization
the answer?
- Why did Stalin enjoy
Bulgakov's portrayal of 'homo sovieticus'?
Review:
Homework:
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2
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21
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Day
5
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Thurs.
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2
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22
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Day
6
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Fri.
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W. B. Yeats, "The Second Coming" (1919)
The 1917
Revolutions (notes)
Fitzpatrick’s Russian Revolution (reading guide)
- Historiography: Bolsheviks;
Mensheviks, Trotsky, Totalitarian, Modernization
- Fitzpatrick's Thesis: 'terror, progress and upward
mobility'
- What is her point
about 'value judgements'?
How does she deal with the problem of the use of terror and violence
to coerce goals?
- Does she convince
you with her argument that the revolution was legitimate due to
'working-class upward mobility'?
Review:
Homework:
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2
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25
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Day
7
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Mon.
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2
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26
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Day
8
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Tues.
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Essay
on Russian Revolution Due at 3:30 p.m.
Eisenstein, The Battleship Potemkin (1925) (complete film)
Homework:
- "Master of Fear" By Ian Buruma NYRB Volume 51, Number 8 · May 13, 2004
- "In Cannibalistic Times"
NYRB Volume 38, Number 7 · April 11, 1991 by Tatyana Tolstaya, Translated by Jamey Gambrel
For further reading:
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2
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27
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Day
9
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Wed.
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2
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28
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Day
10
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Thurs.
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The 1917
Revolutions: The Five Year Plan
Notes on Burama, Tolstaya and Kelly
- "Master of Fear" By Ian Buruma NYRB Volume 51, Number 8 · May 13, 2004
- "In Cannibalistic Times"
NYRB Volume 38, Number 7 · April 11, 1991 by Tatyana Tolstaya, Translated by Jamey Gambrel
Homework:
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3
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1
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Day
1
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Fri..
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Reading Day
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3
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4
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Day 2
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Mon.
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Join Us in The Kolkhoz (1930)
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The Five Year Plan: Revolution from Above
Notes on Burama, Tolstaya and Kelly
Interpretations of the
Stalin Terror:
Notes on Burama, Tolstaya and Kelly
Notes on Grossman
Homework:
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3
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5
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Day 3
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Tues.
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3
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6
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Day 4
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Wed.
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Efimov, Ezhov's Iron Glove (1937)
Osip Mandelstam (1891-1938)
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Prieto, "Reading
Mandelstam on Stalin" NYRB June 10, 2010
The
Foundation Pit (1932)
Homework:
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3
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7
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Day 5
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Thurs.
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3
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8
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Day 6
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Fri..
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Andrey Platonov
(1899-1951)
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Essay on Stalin's Revolution:
Introduction to Platonov’s
The Foundation Pit (1927-32)
Homework:
- Platonov’s The Foundation Pit, pp. 1-69
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3
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9
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Day 0
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Sat.
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SPRING BREAK
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3
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18
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Day 0
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Mon.
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SPRING BREAK
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3
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19
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Day 7
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Tues..
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3
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20
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Day 8
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Wed.
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Kotov, Blast Furnace (1930)
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Interpretations of the
Stalin Terror:
- "Master of Fear" By Ian Buruma NYRB Volume 51, Number 8 · May 13, 2004
- "In Cannibalistic Times"
NYRB Volume 38, Number 7 · April 11, 1991 by Tatyana Tolstaya, Translated by Jamey Gambrel
- "Why They Believed in Stalin"
by Aileen Kelly NYRB Volume 54, Number 7 · April 26, 2007
- "In the Main Line of Attack"
by Vasili Grossman A report from Stalingrad,
Pravda 1942
- Prieto, "Reading
Mandelstam on Stalin" NYRB June 10, 2010
Platonov’s The Foundation Pit (1927-32), pp. 1-69
Homework:
- Platonov’s The Foundation Pit (1927-32), pp. 70-150
For further reading:
Figes, Chapter 7. Russia Through a Soviet
Lens
- Akhmatova at Fountain House
- Homo Sovieticus
- Eisenstein’s Montage; Meyerhold’s
Bio-mechanics and Mayakovsky’s Poetry
- Socialist Realism, the Great Purges and Akhmatova’s ‘Requiem’
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3
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21
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Day 9
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Thurs.
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3
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22
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Day 10
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Fri.
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The Five Year Plan: Revolution from Above
Platonov’s The Foundation Pit, pp. 70-150
Interpretations of the
Stalin Terror:
- "Master of Fear" By Ian Buruma NYRB Volume 51, Number 8 · May 13, 2004
- "In Cannibalistic Times"
NYRB Volume 38, Number 7 · April 11, 1991 by Tatyana Tolstaya, Translated by Jamey Gambrel
- "Why They Believed in Stalin"
by Aileen Kelly NYRB Volume 54, Number 7 · April 26, 2007
- "In the Main Line of Attack"
by Vasili Grossman A report from Stalingrad,
Pravda 1942
- Prieto, "Reading
Mandelstam on Stalin" NYRB June 10, 2010
Homework:
For further reading:
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3
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25
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Day 1
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Mon.
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Altman, Anna Akhmatova (1914)
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1935- 37: The Great Purges
Anna Akhmatova, "Requiem"
(1935-61) (notes)
Interpretations of the
Stalin Terror:
- "Master of Fear" By Ian Buruma NYRB Volume 51, Number 8 · May 13, 2004
- "In Cannibalistic Times"
NYRB Volume 38, Number 7 · April 11, 1991 by Tatyana Tolstaya, Translated by Jamey Gambrel
- "Why They Believed in Stalin"
by Aileen Kelly NYRB Volume 54, Number 7 · April 26, 2007
- "In the Main Line of Attack"
by Vasili Grossman A report from Stalingrad,
Pravda 1942
- Prieto, "Reading
Mandelstam on Stalin" NYRB June 10, 2010
Platonov’s The Foundation Pit, pp. 70-150
Akhmatova, "Requiem"
(1935-61) (notes)
Grossman, Life and Fate,
Homework:
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3
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26
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Day 2
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Tues.
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Stalingrad Summer 1942
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The War in the East:
Operation Barbarossa
Vasily Grossman:
Homework:
Figes, Chapter 7. Russia Through a Soviet
Lens
- The Great Patriotic War
For further reading:
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3
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27
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Day 3
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Wed.
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3
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28
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Day 4
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Thurs.
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Kirsch,
"The
Individual Soul" NYRB (2011)
Spufford,"Life
and Fate by Vasily Grossman" Guardian
(2011)
Figes, Chapter 7. Russia Through a Soviet
Lens
- The Great Patriotic War
Read
Life and Fate,
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3
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29
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Day 0
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Good Friday
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4
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1
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Day 0
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Professional Day
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4
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2
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Day 5
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Tues.
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4
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3
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Day 6
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Wed.
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Stalingrad Summer 1942
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from Vasily Grossman's Life and Fate:
Grekov: “No one has
the right to lead people like sheep. That’s something even Lenin failed to
understand.”
Life and Fate Adaptation
Homework:
Essay
on Stalin:
The Five Year Plan: Revolution from Above (notes from Sheila Fitzpatrick's Russian Revolution (1994))
Interpretations of the
Stalin Terror:
- "Master of Fear" By Ian Buruma NYRB Volume 51, Number 8 · May 13, 2004
- "In Cannibalistic Times"
NYRB Volume 38, Number 7 · April 11, 1991 by Tatyana Tolstaya, Translated by Jamey Gambrel
- "Why They Believed in Stalin"
by Aileen Kelly NYRB Volume 54, Number 7 · April 26, 2007
- "In the Main Line of Attack"
by Vasili Grossman A report from Stalingrad,
Pravda 1942
- Prieto, "Reading
Mandelstam on Stalin" NYRB June 10, 2010
Platonov’s The Foundation Pit, pp. 70-150
Akhmatova, "Requiem"
(1935-61) (notes)
from Vasily Grossman's Life and Fate:
For further reading:
Figes, Chapter 7. Russia Through a Soviet
Lens
- Post WWII Repression: The Cold War and the Arts
- Soviet Science Fiction
- Akhmatova’s Final Years
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4
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4
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Day
7
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Thurs.
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4
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5
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Day
8
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Fri.
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Nikita Khrushchev at the UN in 1960
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Essay on Stalin due at 3:30 p.m.
The Khrushchev Era (1955-64)
Film: Enemy at the Gates
Homework:
- Robert Cottrell, L'Homme Nikita NYRB (2003)
- Red Plenty (2010) by Francis Spufford
Part One 1959 pp. 3-39
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4
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8
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Day 9
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Mon.
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4
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9
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Day
10
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Tues.
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Gerasimov, Kohlkhoz Holiday
A classic Soviet celebration of the abundance of life on the kolkhoz.
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Red Plenty (2010) by Francis Spufford
Russia from 1959-1968
Part One (3-76)
Introduction (3-8)
Homework:
Part One 1959 pp. 40-76
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4
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10
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| Day 1 |
Wed.
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L. Dorenskii: Nighttime Grain Harvest (1955)
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V.P. Seleznev: Come With Us to the New Lands (1954) |
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4
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11
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Thurs.
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Khrushchev and Henry Cabot Lodge US Ambassador to the UN in Washington 1959
Khrushchev-Nixon Kitchen Debate (1959)
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Red Plenty (2010) by Francis Spufford
Part One (3-76)
Introduction (3-8)
Homework:
Part Two 1960-61 pp. 81-141
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4
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12
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Fri.
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4
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15
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Day
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Mon.
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BESM II Computer
Sergei Lebedev (1902-1974)
Sasha Galich
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Red Plenty,
Part One (3-76)
Introduction (3-8)
Part Two (81-140)
Introduction (81-92)
- Shadow Prices 1960 (93-107)
- From the Photograph 1961 (108-119)
- Stormy Applause 1961 (120-140)
Homework:
Part Three (141-201)
Introduction (141-149)
1. Midsummer Night, 1962 (151-186)
2. The Price of Meat, 1962 (187-201)
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4
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16
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Tues.
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4
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17
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Wed.
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'Upper' part of Akademgorodok (1959)
The building site of the 'Upper' Part of Akademgorodok in 1959.
Beach on the Ob Sea (1965)
In Akademgorodok (1965). The 'sea' is actually the reservoir of the
Novosibirsk hydroelectric power plant on Ob river built in late 1950s.
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Red Plenty,
Part One (3-76)
Introduction (3-8)
Part Two (81-140)
Introduction (81-92)
- Shadow Prices 1960 (93-107)
- From the Photograph 1961 (108-119)
- Stormy Applause 1961 (120-140)
Part Three (141-201)
Introduction (141-149)
1. Midsummer Night, 1962 (151-186)
2. The Price of Meat, 1962 (187-201)
Homework:
Part IV (203-265)
Introduction (205-209)
- The Method of Balances, 1963 (212-223)
- Prisoner's Dilemma, 1963 (224-233)
- Favours, 1964 (234-264)
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4
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18
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Day 7
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Thurs..
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4
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19
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Day 8
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Fri.
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Part IV (203-265)
Introduction (205-209)
- The Method of Balances, 1963 (212-223)
- Prisoner's Dilemma, 1963 (224-233)
- Favours, 1964 (234-264)
Homework:
Part V (269-318)
Introduction (269-274)
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4
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22
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Mon.
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4
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23
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Day
10
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Tues.
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Alexei Kosygin (1904-1980)
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Part V (269-318)
Introduction (269-274)
Homework:
Part Six (1968-70) pp. 323-363
Introduction (323-27)
- The Unified System, 1970 (329-340)
- Police in the Forest, 1968 (341-356)
- The Pensioner, 1968 (357-361)
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4
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24
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Wed.
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Red Plenty (2010) by Francis Spufford
Part Six (1968-70) pp. 323-363
Introduction (323-27)
- The Unified System, 1970 (329-340)
- Police in the Forest, 1968 (341-356)
- The Pensioner, 1968 (357-361)
Homework:
Essay
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4
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25
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Day
2
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Thurs.
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Essay Work
Red Plenty,
Part One (3-76)
Introduction (3-8)
- The
Prodigy (8-18)
- Mr.
Chairman (18-40)
- Little
Plastic Beakers (40-58)
- White Dust (59-76)
Part Two (81-140)
Introduction (81-92)
- Shadow Prices 1960 (93-107)
- From the Photograph 1961 (108-119)
- Stormy Applause 1961 (120-140)
Part Three (141-201)
Introduction (141-149)
- Midsummer Night, 1962 (151-186)
- The Price of Meat, 1962 (187-201)
Part IV (203-265)
Introduction (205-209)
- The Method of Balances, 1963 (212-223)
- Prisoner's Dilemma, 1963 (224-233)
- Favours, 1964 (234-264)
Part V (269-318)
Introduction (269-274)
- Trading Down, 1964 (276-282)
- Ladies Cover Your
Ears! 1965 (283-301)
- Psychoprophylaxis,
1966 (302-318)
Part VI (1968-70) pp. 323-363
Introduction (323-27)
- The Unified System, 1970 (329-340)
- Police in the Forest, 1968 (341-356)
- The Pensioner, 1968 (357-361)
Essay on Red Plenty due Monday, April 29, 2013
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4
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26
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Fri.
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4
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29
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Day
4
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Mon.
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Mikhail Gorbachev (1988)
Soviet Union 1989
Russia 2000
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Essay on Red Plenty due.
Timeline: Gorbachev and Yeltsin
Amid Protests, Putin Returns to Presidency in Russia (NY Times 5-7-12)
Homework:
Remnick on
Gorbachev (1991) and Tolstaya
on 1991 and 1997 Essays on Russia Since the Fall:
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4
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30
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Day
5
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Tues.
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5
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1
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Day
6
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Wed.
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North Caucasus Region
Boris Yeltsin (1991)
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Alexii Prelapsarion Prelapsarionov from Angels in America, part two: Prestroika (1994) by Tony Kushner
1989-1991
Timeline: Gorbachev and Yeltsin
Remnick on Gorbachev (1991)
Tolstaya
on 1991 and 1997
Homework:
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5
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2
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Day
7
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Thurs.
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5
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3
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Day
8
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Fri.
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Solidarity Rally with Lech Walesa in Poland
Vaclav Havel, 1st President of the Czech Republic
Yeltsin OrdersArmy to Fire on the Russian Legislature (1993)
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Timeline: Gorbachev and Yeltsin
Mapping the Fall of Communism (1989-1991) (BBC)
Ash on 1989-91
1991-93
Tolstaya on Yeltsin (1994)
Homework:
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5
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6
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Day
9
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Mon.
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AP's
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5
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7
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Day10
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Tues.
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AP's
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Montefiore, Please Hold for Mr. Putin NY Times 9-24-2012
Vladimir Putin
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Timeline: Gorbachev, Yeltsin and Putin
Cohen, Soviet Fates and Lost Alternatives: From Stalinism to the New Cold War (2009) Chapter 6: Gorbachev's Lost Legacies
Cotrell, The Emperor Vladimir (2006)
Kovalev, "Why Putin Wins" (2007)
Homework:
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5
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8
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Day
1
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Wed.
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AP's
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Reading Day
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5
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9
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Day
2
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Thurs.
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AP's
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Anti-Putin protesters march through Moscow February 2013
Vladimir Putin's former 'cardinal' forced out of government: Vladislav Surkov, known as the 'grey cardinal', was said to be behind Russia's system of 'managed democracy' May 8, 2013
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Merridale’s Haunted by Stalin
The State of History in Russia Today: ‘The highest good in Muscovy was not knowledge
but memory. In a society where argument and democratic give and take have
little purchase, the authority of precedent, of control over the past (and, by
implication, over the direction of the future) plays a crucial part in
conferring political legitimacy." - Experiencing glasnost as a student: "It was as if
the past had come to life after more than 70 years, breaking through the
tissue of political illusion to reclaim its place at the centre
of Russia’s national imagination."
- Revelations about the past lead to the unraveling of
official truths, and the questioning, over the next two or three years, of
Stalin’s economic policies, Lenin’s Civil War tactics and, finally, the
justification for the 1917 October Revolution itself.help lead to the collapse of the Soviet state
- Twenty years on, the public hunger for
historical facts, for revelations and confessions, has certainly evaporated replaced by concerns about economic crisis
- thesis: the resurgent Russia’s national identity
relies almost entirely on a reading of the past, a tale of progress and
triumph whose shaping owes a lot to direct
government intervention.
- formal scholarship and access to Soviet archives led to the formation of Memorial during the 1990's but now the public emphasis has shifted to the Great Patriotic War and other sources of national pride. There was no Truth and Reconciliation Commission during the 1990's.
- New Patriotism: Nostalgia for Imperial Russia: 1612
- has led to a new militant slavophilism at home and the chunk of history that
fosters that is the pre-Petrine age, a time when Russians were still
distinctive, still bearded, robed, remote from casual European eyes.
- Bookstores feature reprints of 19th-century classics such as
Nikolai Karamzin’s great patriotic history of
Russia.
- Stalin's ghost: the old Soviet mentality (suspicious but assertive),
Soviet language (simplistic and impoverished) and Soviet expectations of the
future (boundlessly ambitious) thrive within people’s minds. There was never
a decisive turn away from these values and nothing has emerged since that
competes with them.
Pipes’ Flight From
Freedom (2004)
"the antidemocratic, antilibertarian actions of the current administration are
not being inflicted on the Russian people but are actually supported by them"
- Thesis: the antidemocratic, antilibertarian actions of the current administration are
not being inflicted on the Russian people but are actually supported by them.
- Deja Vu: "the absence of social and national cohesion, the ignorance of
civil rights, the lack of any real notion of private property, and an
ineffective judiciary... [forced] reliance on the state to protect them from each
other..."
- Estrangement "Trust of outsiders,
the basis of civilization in the West, is still largely absent in the
country."
- Rejecting Rights "Only
11 percent said they would be unwilling to surrender their freedoms of
speech, press, or movement in exchange for stability.... Only a quarter
or so of Russians regard private property as an important human right. ... [A] mere
3.6 million Russian citizens own assets worth preserving."
- "Democacy is a fraud"
- Of Two Minds "Russians
brim with pride [over] victory in World War II and of their leadership in space
exploration." BUT Russians suffer from an acute sense of inferiority.... having lost its sense of national
identity after 1991, Russia is struggling to create a new one based on a
blend of tsarism, communism, and Stalinism ....strong government" means military
prowess that foreigners will respect or just fear."
- Putin: "When asked why they
admired Stalin, people answered, "He raised the country"...Putin is admired "
precisely because he has re-instated Russia's traditional model of
government: an autocratic state in which citizens are relieved of
responsibility for politics and in which imaginary foreign enemies are
invoked to forge an artificial unity".
Homework:
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5
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10
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Day
3
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Fri.
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AP's
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5
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13
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Day
4
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Mon.
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Alexader Solzhenitsyn (1918-2008)
Vissarion Belinsky (1811-1848)
Alexander Herzen (1812-1870)
Anton Chekhov (1860-1904)
Issac Babel (1894-1940)
Anna Akhmatova (1889-1966)
Anna
Politkovskaya (1958-2006)
Amy Knight, Who Killed Anna Politkovskaya? NYRB November 6, 2008
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The
Economist: The Russian Intelligentsia (2008) (written on the occasion of Alexandre Solzhenitsyn's death) - Enmity between Solzhenitsyn and liberal intelligentsia: "His main charge was that the intelligentsia had failed in
its most vital task-- to speak on behalf of the people suppressed by an
authoritarian state....He spelt out his commandments
in capital letters: “DON’T LIE! DON’T PARTICIPATE IN LIES, DON’T SUPPORT A
LIE!”
- The Gulag Archipelago: “When we read ‘The Gulag Archipelago’ in samizdat, we thought
that if ever this book gets printed, everything will change, forever.” And
then the unthinkable happened: the book was printed-- and largely ignored."
- Russia Today: "Russia today is ruled by the
KGB elite, has a Soviet anthem, servile media, corrupt courts and a
rubber-stamping parliament. A new history textbook proclaims that the Soviet
Union, although not a democracy, was “an example for millions of people
around the world of the best and fairest society.... Putin-ism was made strong by the
absence of resistance from the part of society that was meant to provide
intellectual opposition."
- Herzen's intelligentsia : “What
does it mean? It means us. A unique Russian phenomenon, the
intellectual opposition considered as a social force.”
- vs. today's: "Has the Russian intelligentsia lost its social force or its
intellectual power? Or does the phenomenon exist only in an authoritarian
society with no functioning parliament? Was
Solzhenitsyn right in his diagnosis of the Russian intelligentsia,
that it amounted to no more than people with diplomas and good jobs?"
- the Bolshevik intelligentsia: "Lenin and Stalin wiped out the old
Russian intelligentsia as a political force. Yet, as culture-centric dictators, they bribed and remoulded the finest examples to their own needs."
- the physicists: "it was scientists, physicists particularly, who
were at the core of the Soviet intelligentsia as a social phenomenon. Andrei Zorin, a historian at
Oxford, argues that the intelligentsia was largely the product of nuclear
research. Stalin needed a nuclear bomb
and realised that scientists’ brains do not work unless you allow them a
certain amount of freedom."
- scientific colonies: "A large number of educated,
intelligent and underemployed people in their 30s and 40s with little
prospect of moving up the career ladder provided a perfect milieu for brewing
liberal ideas."
- perestroika : the lost opportunity: "The Attempted Coup in 1991: "It was this political class of
intelligentsia that prepared for perestroika and became the main
support base for Mikhail Gorbachev....When in August 1991 Communist and KGB hardliners mounted a coup
against Mikhail Gorbachev, hundreds of thousands of the Russian
intelligentsia gathered in front of parliament to defend the achievements of perestroika."
- economic collapse: "The state no longer needed intellectuals. It needed managers and
businessmen able to avert starvation and total economic collapse."
- Putin and the Viktor Shtrum syndrome: "The
Putin years have split the Russian intelligentsia....The
centralisation of the state with an added measure
of nationalism has created a new sense of the return of status plus the
flattery of the state’s attention.....This phenomenon is
powerfully described in Vasily Grossman’s novel
“Life and Fate” (1960). One of its central characters is Viktor, a talented
physicist who stoically defends his science in the face of likely arrest, but
becomes weak and submissive when Stalin calls him to wish him success.
“Viktor had found the strength to renounce life itself-- but now he seemed
unable to refuse candies and cookies.”
- the letter for Khodorovsky
- Anna
Politkovskaya and silence: "Russia
still produces brave individuals, independent and conscientious enough to
speak the truth to the state. But they remain individual voices. The murder
of Anna Politkovskaya,
an outspoken Russian journalist, raised a few sighs and lamentations-- but
not street protests. Her funeral, which produced a massive outpouring of
sentiment in Europe, was a muted and depressing affair in Moscow."
Homework:
- Essay
on Russia’s Future.
For further reading:
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5
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14
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Day
5
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Tues.
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AP's
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5
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15
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Day
6
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Wed.
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AP's
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Final
Essay: What direction do you believe Russia will go in during your
lifetime? Is this the direction that the country should go in? Draw on
the readings to support your argument.
Timeline: Gorbachev and Yeltsin and Putin
- Remnick, Gorbachev
- Tolstaya, 1991 and 1997
- Founding Fathers vs. Mafiosi
- Ash, On 1991
- Peaceful Transitions to Liberalism in Poland and the Czech Republic
- Tolstaya, On Yeltsin
- The Fatal Consequences of Yeltsin's Rivalry w/ Gorbachev
- Cohen, Gorbachev's Lost Legacies
- The Failure of Shock Therapy and the Rise of the Oligarchs
- Cotrell, The Emperor Vladimir
- Kovalev, Why Putin Wins
- United Russia and the Imperial Past
- Merridale, Haunted by Stalin
- The Benefits of Truth and Reconciliation
- Pipes, Flight From
Freedom
- Russian Predelictions for Authoritarianism
- The
Economist, The Russian Intelligentsia
- Silence of the Intelligentsia
- Remnick, "Danse Macabre"
- How Russia Works Today (without the rule of law)
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5
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16
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Day 7
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Thurs.
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Senior Exams
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Essay
on Russia’s Future due at exam time.
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5
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17
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Day
8
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Fri..
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Senior Exams
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5
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20
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Day 9
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.Mon.
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5
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21
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Day10
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Fri.
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Senior Encounter Begins
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5
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22
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Day
1
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Wed.
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5
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23
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Day
2
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Thurs..
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The Possessed: Adventures with Russian Books and the People Who Read Them (2010) by Elif Batuman
Homework: Introduction and "Babel in California" (pp.3-82)
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Batuman
Homework: Summer in Samarkand and Who Killed Tolstoy (pp. 83-138)
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Batuman
Homework: Summer in Samarkand (continued) and The House of Ice (pp.139-212)
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The Possessed: Adventures with Russian Books and the People Who Read Them (2010) by Elif Batuman
Homework: Essay on Batuman
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Homework: "Summer in Samarkand (conclusion)" and "The Possessed" (pp. 213-290)
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Homework: Essay on Batuman
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5
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27
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Day 0
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Mon.
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Memorial Day
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5
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28
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Day
4
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Tues.
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Review Day
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5
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29
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Day
5
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Wed.
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Review Day
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5
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30
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Day
6
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Thurs.
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Reading Day
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5
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31
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Day
7
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Fri.
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Exams
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6
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3
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Day
8
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Mon.
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Exams
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6
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4
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Day
9
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Tues.
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Exams
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6
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5
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Day10
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Wed.
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Exams
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6
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6
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Day 1
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Thurs.
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Exam Make Up Day
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6
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7
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Day0
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Fri.
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6
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8
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Day0
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Sat
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Baccalureate
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6
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9
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Day0
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Sun.
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Founders' Day
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