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[In Fife, Macduff’s Castle.
LADY MACDUFF does housework while the SON studies]
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LADY MACDUFF
Sirrah, your father's
dead;
And what will you do now? How will you live?
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Lady Macduff is
worried for the welfare of her son, as he no longer has a father.
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SON
As birds do, mother.
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The
son tells her that he will live a nomadic life like a bird, getting what
he can.
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LADY MACDUFF
What, with worms and flies?
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Lady
Macduff retorts with a negative connotation of his bird analogy. This sort
of back-and-forth banter is continued throughout the scene, with the son
being positive and Lady Macduff being negative.
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SON
With what I get, I mean; and so do they.
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The
son explains what he meant by the bird analogy.
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LADY MACDUFF
Poor bird! thou'ldst
never fear the net nor lime,
The pitfall nor the gin.
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Lady Macduff
says that her son would be a poor bird, as he would not know to avoid the
hunters’ traps.
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SON
Why should I, mother? Poor birds they are not set
for.
My father is not dead, for all your saying.
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The
son replies that hunters would not want to hunt a bird as poor as
himself. He also believes that his father is still alive.
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LADY MACDUFF
Yes, he is dead; how wilt thou do for a father?
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Lady
Macduff refuses to believe that her husband is alive. She again feels
sorry for her son.
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SON
Nay, how will you do for a husband?
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The
son in turn feels sorry for his mother. This shows that, despite their
quips, they still have a very close relationship.
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LADY MACDUFF
Why, I can buy me twenty at any market.
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Lady
Macduff deflects the question, saying that she is fine and can get
another husband easily.
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SON
Then you'll buy 'em to
sell again.
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The
son says that Lady Macduff would not really be happy with any other
husband.
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LADY MACDUFF
Thou speak'st with all
thy wit: and yet, i' faith,
With wit enough for thee.
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Lady
Macduff says, affectionately, that her son is very smart for his age.
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SON
Was my father a traitor, mother?
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The
son asks his mother if Macduff was a traitor.
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LADY MACDUFF
Ay, that he was.
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Lady
Macduff replies that he was.
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SON
What is a traitor?
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The
son, confused by this answer, wants to know the definition of a traitor.
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LADY MACDUFF
Why, one that swears and lies.
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Lady Macduff
bitterly responds what she thinks Macduff was.
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SON
And be all traitors that do so?
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The
son, probably keeping his father in mind, asks if there are no exceptions
to her idea of a traitor.
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LADY MACDUFF
Every one that does so is a traitor, and must be
hanged.
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Lady
Macduff says that there are no exceptions, and all traitors should be
hanged.
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SON
And must they all be hanged that swear and lie?
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The
son, again keeping his father in mind, asks if there are any exceptions
to her death penalty.
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LADY MACDUFF
Every one.
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She
says that there aren’t exceptions.
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SON
Who must hang them?
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He
asks who should hang the traitors.
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LADY MACDUFF
Why, the honest men.
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She
replies that the honest men should. This is foreshadowing and ironic, as
the honest man, Macduff, will end up killing the
traitor, Macbeth.
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SON
Then the liars and swearers are fools,
for there are liars and swearers enow to beat
the honest men and hang up them.
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The son
jokes that the traitors have an easier job because there are more of
them. This also shows his innocence as a little boy, yet his keenness as
a young man.
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LADY MACDUFF
Now, God help thee, poor monkey!
But how wilt thou do for a father?
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Lady
Macduff laughs at his joke, and then grows solemn again. She wonders what
he could do without a father.
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SON
If he were dead, you'ld
weep for
him: if you would not, it were
a good sign
that I should quickly have a new father.
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He
says that if his father were truly dead, Lady Macduff would be crying.
However, he says that if she’s not crying, it means that she already
knows whom she will marry now.
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LADY MACDUFF
Poor prattler, how thou talk'st!
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She
says that he talks too much.
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[Enter a MESSENGER]
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MESSENGER
Bless you, fair dame! I am not to you known,
Though in your state of honour
I am perfect.
I doubt some danger does approach you nearly:
If you will take a homely man's advice,
Be not found here; hence, with your little ones.
Heaven preserve you! I dare abide no longer.
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A messenger
runs in, terrified. He says that even though she does not know him, he
knows who she is very well because of her nobility. He says that danger
is approaching, and she should run away with her son.
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LADY MACDUFF
Whither should I fly?
I have done no harm.
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Lady
Macduff wonders why she should run, as she has done nothing wrong.
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[Enter FIRST MURDERER, who
kills the MESSENGER]
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As
the runs offstage, a murderer enters and kills him.
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What are these
faces?
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Lady
Macduff sees him and wonders who he is.
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FIRST MURDERER
Where is your husband?
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The
first murderer asks where Macduff is.
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LADY MACDUFF
I hope, in no place so unsanctified
Where such as thou mayst
find him.
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Lady
Macduff replies that she hopes he’s in a place where the murderers can
never get to him.
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FIRST MURDERER
(Macduff hath committed a crime so dire
That it shakes me to my very marrow…)
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(Acting-Upon-Avon
added these lines to the play to provide an opportune moment for the
second murderer to enter the stage) The first murderer says that Macduff
has committed a great crime, and it hurts him greatly.
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[LADY MACDUFF
attempts to run offstage, but SECOND MURDERER enters and knocks her down]
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SECOND
MURDERER
(Treason!)
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The
second murderer says this line the second he walks on stage and knocks
down Lady Macduff. (Also added by Acting-Upon-Avon)
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FIRST MURDERER
( Treason, yes treason I say now!
Macduff is a
traitor!)
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The
first murderer finishes saying that Macduff is a traitor.
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SON
Thou liest, thou shag-hair'd villain!
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The
son, angered by such words about his father, attacks the first murderer.
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[The SON
attacks the FIRST MURDERER]
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SECOND MURDERER
What, you egg!
[Stabbing him]
Young fry of treachery!
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The
second murderer stabs the son from behind, and his line is a pun on fried
eggs. This light-heartedness in a way shows the fact that violence is
becoming omnipresent in the play as Macbeth is going insane, in fact
numbing the audience to the violence.
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SON
He has kill'd me,
mother:
Run away, I pray you!
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The
son falls into the seat in which he was initially working, reaches out to
his mother, and tells her to run away.
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[SON Dies]
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[Exit LADY MACDUFF, crying
'Murder!' Exeunt MURDERERS, following her]
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Her
son dead, Lady Macduff runs away to be killed offstage.
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